Is education free in the UK?

State school education is free for all children aged 5 to 18, regardless of immigration status. This includes primary school (ages 5-11), secondary school (ages 11-16), and sixth form or college (ages 16-18). Private (independent) schools charge fees, which can range from 10,000 to 40,000 pounds per year.

At what age do children start school in the UK?

Children must start full-time education by the September after their fifth birthday. However, most children start in Reception class at age 4. Free early years education (15-30 hours per week) is available for 3 and 4 year olds.

Can my child attend school on a visa?

Yes. All children in the UK have the right to education regardless of their immigration status. You can apply for a school place from the moment you arrive. Schools cannot refuse admission based on a child's or parent's visa status.

How do school admissions work in the UK?

For state schools, you apply through your local council. Applications for the main intake (Reception and Year 7) have specific deadlines, usually in January for September entry. If you arrive mid-year, contact your local council for an in-year admission. Distance from the school is often the main criterion.

UK Education System Explained for Immigrants

UK state education is free for all children aged 5 to 18, regardless of visa status. The system runs from Reception (age 4-5) through primary school, secondary school, and sixth form. School admissions are managed by local councils. This guide covers the structure, school types, admissions process, and practical tips for immigrant families.

The Structure

The UK education system in England is divided into key stages:

Early Years (ages 3-5): Nursery and Reception class
Primary School (ages 5-11): Years 1 to 6, covering Key Stages 1 and 2
Secondary School (ages 11-16): Years 7 to 11, covering Key Stages 3 and 4, ending with GCSE exams
Sixth Form/College (ages 16-18): Years 12 and 13, A-levels or vocational qualifications
Higher Education (18+): University, typically 3-year degrees

Education is compulsory from age 5 to 18 (though from 16 to 18, young people can also do an apprenticeship or work with part-time training). See the GOV.UK national curriculum page for curriculum details.

Types of Schools

Community schools: Run by the local council. Follow the national curriculum. No charge.
Academies and free schools: Publicly funded but independently managed. Free to attend but may have different admissions criteria.
Faith schools: May prioritise children of a particular religion. Can be state-funded or independent.
Grammar schools: Selective state schools that admit based on academic ability (the 11+ exam).
Private/independent schools: Fee-paying. Not funded by the government.

For finding school places as a visa holder, apply through your local council for state schools. You can find and compare schools on the GOV.UK school performance tables.

School Admissions

The admissions process depends on when you arrive and the age of your child:

Main Intake

Applications for Reception (age 4-5) and Year 7 (age 11-12) have set deadlines, usually in January for the following September. Apply through your local council's website. You can list several schools in order of preference.

Mid-Year Admissions

If you arrive during the school year, contact your local council for an in-year admission application. The council will help you find a place, though it may not be at your preferred school if it is full.

Admissions Criteria

Most state schools prioritise based on:

Looked-after children (in care)
Siblings already at the school
Distance from the school (nearest gets priority)

English Language Support

If your child does not speak English fluently, schools provide support. Children with English as an additional language (EAL) receive targeted help. Schools are experienced at integrating children who are learning English, and children typically become fluent much faster than expected.

Costs to Be Aware Of

While state education is free, there are costs that come up:

School uniform (typically 100 to 300 pounds per year)
School meals (unless eligible for free school meals)
School trips and activities
PE kit and equipment
After-school clubs (some are free, some charge)

For childcare and early years costs, see our childcare guide.

Higher Education

University fees and student finance depend on immigration status. International students typically pay higher fees. Settled residents (ILR, citizenship) with three years of UK residence can access home fee status and student loans. See our university fees guide.

Next Steps

Contact your local council as soon as you arrive to apply for school places. Check school ratings online, visit schools if possible, and ensure you meet application deadlines.

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